引用(直接引用及間接引用)
所用從文獻中獲取的資訊都必須正確的在註釋中指出。
你的學期報告及論文應該包含用你自己的文字表達的你自己的想法,但是你也將與原始來源或是第二手的文獻(研究工作)對話。所有你從文本中引用的內容都必須要指出。
正確的引用,從來源中複製之後再次檢查引用的內容。
使用引號 “….” 及註腳。
引號的內容如果超過三行,應該被縮排 (左右各縮排一公分)。
範例:
“There is no wealth but life. Life, including all its powers of love, of joy, and of admiration. That country is the richest which nourishes the greatest number of noble and happy human beings; that man is richest who, having perfected the function of his own life to the utmost, has always the widest helpful influence, both personal, and by means of his possessions, over the lives of others.”1
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1 John Ruskin, “Unto the Last (written and first published, 1860),” in: E.T. Cook and Alexander Wedderburn, eds., The Works of John Ruskin, London: George Allen, 1905, p. 105.
如果你逐字引用,你必須要參考或是討論引用的內容。
不要因為你沒辦法找到正確的字而去引用,例如不要使用二手文獻的內容取代你自己對於作品的描述與分析。
如果你在二手文獻中引用原始來源( 只有當沒有學術的重要版本時) 你必須要指出這個註釋是從…中引用的。
最好是從原始來源引用,如果可能的話從重要的版本中引用。
如果是從原始來源的翻譯版本中引用的話,你必須要指出來。
如果你引用你自己翻譯的來源你也必須指出來:
“translation mine”
“if not otherwise indicated, all translations of the quotes are mine”
標點符號要放在下引號的前面,
“Learning from the existing landscape is a way of being revolutionary for an architect. Not the obvious way, which is to tear down Paris and begin again, as Le Corbusier suggested in the 1920s, but another, more tolerant way; that is, to question how we look at things.”1
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1 Robert Venturi [et al.], Learning from Las Vegas: The Forgotten Symbolism of Architectural Form, Cambridge, Mass., and London: The MIT Press, p. 3.